Energy resources were abundant and free gifts of nature in the past. But as their use increased over the course of time, they became scarce economic goods having considerable exchange value. Mankind was forced to discover more and more energy sources, extract and transmit them to different regions to accelerate the pace of economic development. These processes involved spending enormous amounts of money which could not be afforded by private entities. Thus the scarcity of energy supply, high cost involved in their extraction and transmission, their inevitable and undeniable status as an intermediary capital good, along with the ever increasing demand for them made their allocation and distribution a responsibility of the public sector in all countries of the world. At the same time energy poverty and energy inequality among different economic classes reflected through the extent of individual access to clean energy sources raised some micro economic questions within the national arena.

[1] Principal, St. Mary’s Residential School, Ramankulangara, Kollam